The participle is a verbal adjective (like the English participle ["running", "having run"])
 

As an adjective, the participle has  case, number and gender:

like all adjectives, the participle has the same case, number and gender as the noun it describes

As a verb, the participle has "tense" and voice

"tense" of a participle usually represents aspect, not time, except in indirect discourse though sometimes it may represent time relative to the main verb

the future participle (usually with w(j) is used to express purpose (w(j pau/swn KuVron, "in order to stop Cyrus")

          voice may be active, middle or passive
 

return to grammar index